Ages and Sequence of Acquiring Toilet Training Skills in Korean Children

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doi:2011.15.2.186

J Korean Soc Matern Child Health > Volume 15(2); 2011 > Article

Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health 2011;15(2):186-205.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2011.15.2.186 Published online July 31, 2011.

Ages and Sequence of Acquiring Toilet Training Skills in Korean Children

박은숙¹, 박창승², 임여진¹, 조헌하³, 임혜상⁴, 안채순⁵, 김은경⁶, 성경숙⁷, 원정완⁸, 오원옥⁹, 윤영미¹⁰, 석민현¹⁰

¹고려대학교
²제주한라대학교
³동서대학교
⁴University of Washington
⁵순천청암대
⁶혜천대학
⁷원주대학
⁸명문언어심리센터
⁹동국대학교
¹⁰서일대학
¹⁰차의과학대학교

한국 아동의 대소변 가리기 성취 시기 및 순서

박은숙¹, 박창승², 임여진¹, 조헌하³, 임혜상⁴, 안채순⁵, 김은경⁶, 성경숙⁷, 원정완⁸, 오원옥⁹, 윤영미¹⁰, 석민현¹⁰

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to identify the ages and sequential order of 28 specific toilet training skills acquisition of young Korean children and the gender difference in the acquisition of toilet training skills.
Methods
The participants in this study were 1052 mothers of young children from the seven nation wide lesions, aged 1 to 4 years old, who were recruited from the outpatient clinics of hospitals, community health centers, or day care centers considering the even distribution of samples by the age intervals. The toilet training status (TTS) questionnaire composed of 28 items explaining the specific toilet training skills were obtained by the maternal report. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data.
Results
Toilet training skills were achieved earlier in girls and children with siblings, having highly-educated mothers, and those attending child care facilities. However, there was no differences in toilet training status by the presence of chronic illness, mother's job, the family types. bowel movement (BM) control at nighttime (median ages: 27 months), bowel movement control at daytime (32 months), urin control at day-time (32 months) and urin control at nighttime (33 months) were achieved by order. The duration of acquiring the total toilet training skills on average was 12.5months. The mean ages of acquiring toilet training readiness skills were 27~31 months. Girl's toilet training is achieved slightly earlier than boys, significantly with regard to children's fine motor skills to wear or pull up/down pants or diapers.
Conclusions
Using the above findings, health care professionals who work with children and their families need to develop the education program or specific protocol for providing the evidence-based information on the ages and sequential order of toilet training skills of Korean children and help the caregivers guide appropriate and positive toilet training with their children.

Key Words: toilet training, children, preschool, toddlers, health education