Interaction Effects of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain on Offspring’s Overweight

,; ,; ,; ,; ,; ,; ,; ,; ,

doi:2011.15.1.82

J Korean Soc Matern Child Health > Volume 15(1); 2011 > Article

Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health 2011;15(1):82-91.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2011.15.1.82 Published online January 31, 2011.

Interaction Effects of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain on Offspring’s Overweight

이혜아¹, 박혜숙², 박은애², 김영주², 이화영², 홍영선², 장남수², 오세영³, 하은희²

¹아주대학교 의과대학 알레르기-류마티스 내과
²이화여자대학교
³경희대학교

임신 전 체질량 지수와 임신 중 체중증가가 자녀의 과체중에 미치는 상호작용 영향

이혜아¹, 박혜숙², 박은애², 김영주², 이화영², 홍영선², 장남수², 오세영³, 하은희²

¹아주대학교 의과대학 알레르기-류마티스 내과
²이화여자대학교
³경희대학교

Abstract

Objectives
Woman with low pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) associated with restricted prenatal growth and offspring's obesity, respectively. In present study, we aim to show the interaction effect of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG on childhood overweight in 3 years of age.
Methods
We followed up subjects in Ewha Birth & Growth Cohort, which is a prospective cohort established 2001~2005. The study subjects consisted of 214 who had informed pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG and theirs offspring participated in the regular examination at 3 years of age. Anthropometric measurements and whole blood sample were done at 3 years of age. The interaction effect of the pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG has been estimated using ANCOVA.
Results
Pre-pregnancy BMI categories were assigned the values of low-weight (≤18.5kg/m2), normal weight (18.6~22.9kg/m2), and high weight (>23.0kg/m2) according to the Asia-Pacific standard and GWG was categorized in three group under weight gain, normal weight gain, and over weight gain using gestational weight gain inter-quartiles range according to gestational age. Our study shows that low pre-pregnancy BMI and high pre-pregnancy BMI groups have higher standardized weight at 3 years of age compared to normal pre-pregnancy BMI group. Moreover, pre-pregnancy BMI interacted with gestational weight gain in birth weight (p<0.04) and standardized weight at 3 years of age (p<0.01) when adjusted for maternal age and offspring gender.
Conclusions
This study shows that low pre-pregnancy BMI and under GWG are associated with offspring's high weight at early childhood. Therefore, we suggest that it is important for women to maintain normal range of BMI and GWG in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy.

Key Words: pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, children, overweight